{"id":1029,"date":"2022-04-28T10:28:00","date_gmt":"2022-04-28T08:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/potent.org.rs\/?p=1029"},"modified":"2022-05-03T01:40:31","modified_gmt":"2022-05-02T23:40:31","slug":"u-potentu-sve-veci-broj-pozitivnih-na-hiv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/potent.org.rs\/en\/u-potentu-sve-veci-broj-pozitivnih-na-hiv\/","title":{"rendered":"U Potentu sve ve\u0107i broj pozitivnih na HIV"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bratislav Proki\u0107, 28. 4. 2022.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na redovnim akcijama testiranja u Potent centrima iz meseca u mesec prime\u0107ujemo sve ve\u0107i broj pozitivnih na HIV, \u0161to nas ne iznena\u0111uje, jer se sve vi\u0161e osoba javlja na testiranje. Mnogi od novodijagnostikovanih se nisu testirali tokom pandemije, ili im je testiranje u Potentu prvo takvo iskustvo. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Da li svi gra\u0111ani imaju mogu\u0107nost da se besplatno i anonimno testiraju na HIV?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Potent testiranja na HIV organizuje uz podr\u0161ku projekta Ministarstva zdravlja Republike Srbije i Globalnog fonda za HIV, tuberkulozu i malariju, a u saradnji sa institutima i zavodima za javno zdravlje. U Potent centrima u Beogradu, Ni\u0161u i Kragujevcu besplatno i anonimno se mogu testirati osobe pod poja\u010danim rizikom, a termin se zakazuje na sajtu ovde<\/a>. Svi ostali gra\u0111ani se tako\u0111e mogu dobrovoljno, poverljivo savetovati i testirati u savetovali\u0161tima za HIV pri zavodima i institutima za javno zdravlje. Testiranje je besplatno, spisak mo\u017eete pogledati na na\u0161em sajtu ovde<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Da li dose\u017eemo dovoljan broj onih koji imaju HIV a ne znaju?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Problem HIV-a je tokom kovid pandemije bio zanemaren od strane pojedinaca, mo\u017ee se re\u0107i i \u010ditavog \u010dove\u010danstva, a sli\u010dno je bilo i sa drugim bolestima. Obuhvat testiranja na HIV i druge polne bolesti dramati\u010dno je pao, pa samim tim i dinamika otkrivanja novih slu\u010daja infekcije. U Srbiji je pre pandemije svake godine dijagnostikovano izme\u0111u 150 i 200 novih slu\u010daja HIV infekcije, da bi 2020. taj broj pao \u010detiri puta i iznosio je samo 55. Najnovije epidemiolo\u0161ke podatke mo\u017eete pogledati na sajtu Instituta Batut ovde<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2021. godine je broj novodijagnostikovanih u Srbiji porastao na 120, \u0161to je dobro! Da bismo HIV epidemiju stavili pod kontrolu, potrebno je da nadoknadimo propu\u0161teno tokom prethodnih godina, odnosno da se dijagnostikuje \u0161to ve\u0107i broj onih koji imaju HIV, a ne znaju. Svaka osoba koja zna da ima HIV i uspe\u0161no se le\u010di, ne mo\u017ee dalje prenositi HIV sekusalnim putem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sada je potrebno da svi ulo\u017eimo napore, da jo\u0161 sna\u017enije apelujemo na sve koji su imali neza\u0161ti\u0107en seksualni odnos sa osobom nepoznatog HIV statusa, da u \u0161to skorijem periodu obave testiranje, kako bi na vreme otpo\u010deli sa le\u010denjem u slu\u010daju da test bude pozitivan.\u00a0HIV-a ne treba da se pla\u0161imo, ve\u0107 da ga razumemo. Dijagnostikovanje HIV-a na vreme pru\u017ea \u0161ansu osobi da uz adekvatnu terapiju \u017eivi kvalitetno i gotovo neskra\u0107enim \u017eivotnim vekom, <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Da li je tokom pandemije do\u0161lo do porasta incidence HIV infekcije i za\u0161to?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prime\u0107ujemo da na\u0161i korisnici govore o poja\u010danom psiholo\u0161kom pritisku u periodu kovid pandemije, o neizvesnosti, egzistencijalnim problemima koje su tako\u0111e posledice krize. Izlaz se tra\u017eio u alkoholu, seksu (\u010desto uz kori\u0161\u0107enje droga – tzv. chemsex), a aplikacije za brzo upoznavanje pru\u017eaju mogu\u0107nost za lako i nepromi\u0161ljeno stupanje u seks sa nepoznatim osobama. To je pogodovalo prenosu HIV infekcije i drugih polnih bolesti kao \u0161to je sifilis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ko je najugro\u017eeniji?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i put prenosa HIV-a u Srbiji, jeste seksualni kontakt (97%), me\u0111u kojima je najvi\u0161e mu\u0161karaca koji imaju seks sa mu\u0161karcima (gej i biseksualni mu\u0161karci). Ova populacija se i najvi\u0161e testira zato \u0161to postoji svest o riziku, ali na tome jo\u0161 vi\u0161e treba raditi. Sa druge strane, \u017eene HIV otkriju u kasnoj fazi kada se ve\u0107 pojave oportunisti\u010dke infekcije i kanceri. \u017dene, kao i heteroseksualne osobe smatraju da nisu u riziku i ne testiraju se. Na\u0161e iskustvo govori da svaki seksualni odnos sa osobom nepoznatog HIV statusa predstavlja rizik, razlika je samo u stepenu rizika. Seksualni put prenosa je danas dominantan u \u010ditavoj Zapadnoj Evropi, dok je u Isto\u010dnoj Evropi i Rusiji to intravenski put prenosa i heteroseksualni seksualni odnos.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Srbija je zemlja sa niskom prevalencom, ali sve zemlje sa visokom prevalencom su nekada bile zemlje sa niskom prevalencom i to ne treba da nam daje la\u017enu sigurnost. Iznose se procene da u Srbiji \u017eivi jo\u0161 svega 400 osoba sa HIV-om koje ne znaju svoj status, ali smatram da to treba uzeti sa rezervom, imaju\u0107i pre svega u vidu mali procenat testiranih.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Koliko osoba sa HIV-om \u017eivi u Srbiji?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prema zvani\u010dnim podacima Instituta za zdravlje Srbije, u Srbiji sa dijagnostikovanom HIV infekcijom \u017eivi oko 3000 osoba, ali je u stvarnosti je realan broj manji, zbog odlaska ljudi iz zemlje. Ono \u0161to pouzdano znamo, jeste podatak Fonda za zdravstveno osiguranje, da se u Srbiji le\u010di oko 2200 osoba. U Srbiji imamo savremenu terapiju koja je besplatna za sve pacijente. Svaka osoba koja sazna svoj HIV status kod nas ili u nekom od zavoda i instituta za javno zdravlje, mo\u017ee da ra\u010duna na podr\u0161ku na\u0161ih psihologa i obu\u010denih savetnika – osoba koje \u017eive sa HIV-om, a to podrazumeva na prvom mestu razumevanje i prihvatanje dijagnoze, pratnju priikom odlaska lekaru i podr\u0161ka u uzimanju terapije.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kako se za\u0161tititi?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Najefikasnije strategije prevencije su: testirati se na HIV zajedno sa partnerom, koristiti kondome pri svakom seksualnom odnosu, ne deliti igale za kori\u0161\u0107enje droga. Mogu\u0107e je koristiti terapiju za prevenciju HIV-a (PrEP i PEP). Malo ko zna da postoji preekspoziciona profilaksa (PrEP), odnosno terapija za osobe koji nemaju HIV, ali su u riziku da se zaraze. Sa PrEP-om se otpo\u010dinje pre rizi\u010dnog seksualnog odnosa. Ako se ispravno koristi, PrEP smanjuje rizik od inficiranja putem seksa za vi\u0161e od 99%.\u00a0Ako je pak osoba imala neza\u0161ti\u0107eni seksualni odnos, treba da nam se obrati kako bi je uputili na postekspozicionu profilaksu (PEP) – terapiju koja se uzima do 48\/72h od potencijalne izlo\u017eenosti HIV-om, kao \u0161to je neza\u0161ti\u0107eni seksulni odnos. Neke opservacione studije pokazuju da PEP smanjuje rizik od inficiranja za 80%.\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bratislav Proki\u0107, 28. 4. 2022.\u00a0 Na redovnim akcijama testiranja u<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1030,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[43,45,24,47,46,44,42,27],"class_list":["post-1029","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vesti","tag-aids","tag-batut","tag-hiv","tag-hiv-testiranje","tag-institut-za-javno-zdravlje","tag-potent","tag-rekordan-broj","tag-testiranje"],"yoast_head":"\nU Potentu sve ve\u0107i broj pozitivnih na HIV - POTENT<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/potent.org.rs\/en\/u-potentu-sve-veci-broj-pozitivnih-na-hiv\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"U Potentu sve ve\u0107i broj pozitivnih na HIV - 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